I cook, because I love to cook.

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Conjunctions (If, Because, When)

Intermediate

After this lesson, you will be able to combine sentences.

Exercise 1

Sentence Practice

Because

I cook because I love to cook.
He cannot come because he is sick.
Because the police caught him driving while drunk, he lost his license.

When

I cook when I have guests over.
I will go out when the weather improves.
When we are done, let’s get some ice cream.

I'll cook us dinner if I have some ingredients.
If it rains, I’ll stay here.
We can go on a picnic if you want.

Grammar Focus

'Because', 'when', and 'if' are all conjunctions - they connect two sentences or clauses.

Because

'Because' tells us the cause of an event.

I'm not going to school today, because I'm sick. (= I am not feeling well, so I will not go today)

When

'When' tells us the time at which something takes place.

I don't go to school when I'm sick. (= The times I am sick, I don't go to school)
I didn't go to school when I was sick with the flu.

'If' tells us what is necessary for some event to occur.

If I am sick, I will not go to school tomorrow.
If I feel better, I will go.

Exercise 2

Sentence Practice

If you pass your exams, I will buy you a new cellphone.
If you find out first, please let me know.
This party will be fantastic if he can attend.
The cakes taste great, because Joy followed the directions carefully.
My father really needs to see his doctor, because his back is bothering him a lot.
I decided to move to Tokyo because there are more opportunities for employment in the city.
The president left early, because he had another meeting.
We were in the middle of the meeting when he left.
When the typhoon hit the city, we were in our house.

Exercise 3

Fill in the Blanks

Choose the correct answers to complete the sentences. There can be more than one correct answer.

You will be able to pass the exam you work hard.

A.
because
B.
if

Arjun passed the exam, he studied very hard.

A.
because
B.
if

he found out he passed, he cried for joy.

A.
When
B.
If

You are legally allowed to drive you are over 18 years old.

A.
when
B.
if

You can start driving you have turned 18 years old.

A.
because
B.
when

She learned to drive she needed to for her job.

A.
because
B.
if

I bought a gift for my dad it was his birthday.

A.
because
B.
when

My dad looked really happy he opened his present.

A.
when
B.
if

I'll buy a gift for you it's your birthday.

A.
when
B.
if

Exercise 4

Sentence Building

Make sentences using because, when, if and the following words.

Example

go outside, weather is nice → "The children went outside, because the weather was nice." / "The children go outside when the weather is nice." / "The children will go outside if the weather is nice."

drink tea, I am sick
wear glasses, I can't see
read a book, I have time
watch the news, I'm interested in current events
go to university, I pass the entrance exam
go to university, I want to study economics